Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function BIO201L
Student Name:
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit):
Lab Report Format Expectations
Utilize college level grammar and professional formatting when completing this worksheet.
Submissions without proper formatting, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected.
Pre-lab Questions
1. Identify the major similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
2. Where is the DNA housed in a prokaryotic cell? Where is it housed in a eukaryotic cell?
3. Name three structures which provide support and protection in a eukaryotic cell.
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EXPERIMENT 1: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Introduction Questions
1. What is the difference between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
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2. Would an animal cell be able to survive without a mitochondria? Why or why not?
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3. What is the function of a lysosome?
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Data and Observations
1. In this experiment, you observed the cells of an onion root tip at two different magnifications. The 1000x magnification. In the below image, label the features denoted by the A and B arrows.
A. Click here to enter text.
B. Click here to enter text.
Onion root tip, 1000x.
Results and Discussion
1. Each of the three 1000x magnification slides demonstrated different phases of mitosis. Which phases did you see? What did each of these look like? Be specific and format your response so that you clearly demonstrate which phases you identified and how you identified them based on the structure you noted.
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EXPERIMENT 2: EXPLORING CELL SIZE
Introduction Questions
1. State the
surface area equation used in this experiment. Use an equation editor to insert this equation below, using correct mathematical formatting to include symbols, fractions and superscripts.
Your response must be formatted correctly for credit.
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2. State the
volume equation used in this experiment. Use an equation editor to insert this equation below, using correct mathematical formatting to include symbols, fractions and superscripts.
Your response must be formatted correctly for credit.
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3. If you were to double the size of a cell, how would its surface area and volume change? Use the two equations you stated above to discuss this. (
Hint: Think of which of these two terms grows faster with an increase in radius.)
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Data and Observations
In the table below, input the radius you selected with the dial in the experiment. (Note, the experiment will report the diameter, but the table requires the radius.) For each of the radii, calculate the values in the table and record the observed “Time to Center of Cell” that you observed.
Table 1: Surface Area and Volume in Relation to Cell Size
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Radius (µm) |
Surface Area (µm2) |
Volume (µm3) |
Surface Area:Volume Ratio |
Time to Center of the Cell (s) |
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Results and Discussion
Using the data you calculated and recorded in Table 1, above, generate a graph of the time to the center of the cell as a function of the surface area:volume ratio. (Hint: the SA:V ratio should be on the X axis and the time to the center on the Y axis.)
Your graph must reflect the data in your table, must include your handwritten name, and must also have the appropriate axis labels for credit.
Submissions that do not contain a graph meeting these requirements may be rejected.
1. How did the surface area affect diffusion to the center of the cell? What about volume? What about the surface area-to-volume ratio? Discuss all three of these concepts below. (
Hint: Your response should be at least 4-5 sentences.)
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2. Surface area and volume have competing impacts on a cell. Surface area determines the efficiency of nutrient absorption and waste elimination, whereas volume determines the material a cell requires and produces. Based on your observations, discuss the balance a cell must find between these two concepts. (
Hint: Your response should be 4-5 sentences.)
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